What Is Pitch Shifting?
Pitch shifting is the process of changing the pitch (frequency) of an audio signal without changing its duration. This is different from changing the playback speed, which would also affect the tempo.
Pitch is measured in semitones — the smallest interval in Western music. There are 12 semitones in an octave:
- +1 semitone — raises pitch by one half-step (e.g., C → C#)
- +12 semitones — raises pitch by one full octave (e.g., C4 → C5)
- -5 semitones — lowers pitch by a perfect fourth (e.g., A → E)
- -7 semitones — lowers pitch by a perfect fifth (e.g., A → D)